Building-block and wall.



` N0. 869,615. PATLNTLD 00T. 29. 19o?.

W. W. BIRNSTOGK. BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL.

APPLICATION FILED DEU. 21. 1906.

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110.869,61@ PATLNTLD 00129. 19o?. W.' W. BLLNsToGK. BUILDING BLOCK AND WALL.

APPLICATION TILED 1320.21. 190B.

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UNITED PATIENT OFFIOE.

WILLIAM W. BIRNSTOCK, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR Ol (')NE-I'IALLF TO M'. G. COLLINS, OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

BUILDING-BLOCK AND WALL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 29, 1907.

Application tiled December 2l 1906. Serial No. 348,901.

T all whom it 'may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM \\".-Birrxsroei;, a citizen of the United States, residing at Yor'k, in the corrnty or York, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building-Blocks and Walls, oi which the following is a description, rei'erence being had to the accompanying drawing and to the K letters and ligures of reference marked thereon. l

vMy invention relates to improvements in building t blocks, made up ol concrete, cement or other' material, l

of which artilicial stone is usually composed, and it also relates to walls constructed of such blocks.

The object ot the invention is to provide building blocks which may be readily molded, which may he easily laid in courses to 'orm substantial walls. with j symmetrically broken joints, and with interval air j spaces which permit in addition to the vertical currents, inclined currents ot air to circulate within the walls'.

In au application recently tiled by me on the 'rst day ot' October', i90-(i, Serial No. I'lilfl l5), I have claimed j a lornr ot hollow building block, '.rnd wall constructed ot' the saine, and the present invention is designed as an improvement thereon, the idea being to provide a two pieced block of such constrrrction as will bevsimple in construction, readily laid, and of distinctive character and design, and possessing features ot novelty and advantage not present in two pieced blocks heretoitore known.

The invention consists primarily of a building block composed of a body having an inwardly extending projection at one end, an inwardly extending projection intermediate the ends, and parallel with the lirst projection, both projections being equal in height to the height of the body, the end projections being substantially oi greater length than the second projection, which latter is approximately one halt1 as long as the width oi the wall for which it is intended, said second projection being so spaced that its side opposite the end projection substantially coincides with the vertical center' line oi the body. Secondly, it consists in so shaping the second projection as to provide inclined horizontal air passes therethrough. Again, it consists of certain modified structures ol the block lor use as outer and inner corner blocks. Again, it consists ot' a wall constructed oi such blocks; and finally, it consists oi various details ot' construction and arrangements ot' parts, all as hereinafter described and referred to in the appended claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which, j

Figure l is an elevation partly in section, of a portion of a wall formed according to my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional plan View; Fig. 2 is a similar' view on another construction. Fig. 3 is a plan view ot one of the blocks lor the wall; Fig. Lt is a plan view ot one ot' the outside corner' blocks, Fig. is a plan view ol' one ol the inside corner blocks; and Fig. ti isa cross section on line tti, ol' Fig. S.

In these drawings, A represents one ot' the blocks, which has the body portion u, which may or may not have grooves or projections t'or the ready attachment'ol plaster'. This block has a projection b, extending iuwar'dly at one end, which projection except in the case ot an outer corner block, is approximately equal in length to the width ol' wall lor which it is intended, less the thickness of the body portion (t and the proper allowance lor' a mortar joint.

Each block has a projection c parallel the projection b, and approximately equal in length to one hall the width el the wall for' which the block is intended. 'lhis projection h is so spaced that its outer side, or side opposite thc cud projection is on the vertical center' linc ol the body, and is torrncd as shown inv Fig. ti. in the shape ol a crescent or other suitablc t'or'nr, so as to make an ample horizontal air pasigc.

For' nn outcr corner' block. as shown in liig. l, 'the projection l) is made substantially equal in length to the width ot' the wall, less only say one halt the allow ance t`or a mortar' joint. For an inncr corner block, as shown in Fig. 5, thc construction is the same as above described, except that the length ot the body portion r1 is shorter by an amount about equal to the thickness ol' the body portion.

ln brrilding the wall, the blocks ar'e laid in courses with the bodies on the inner' and orrtcr' sides ot' each course reversed, and the outer lace ol the end projection b ot one body portieri llush with the plain end otthe other' body portion, tlnrs forming a hollow block with the t'acc ot thc projecting end and plain end ol' the block, thus formed` joining with the plain end and the projected end oi the adjacent blocks by means ol a mor'tar joint.

Each course is laid in srrch a i'nanner so as to break joints with the adjoining course, the projected ends ol' blocks in one course resting upon the intermediate projection ol the blocks immediately under' and opposite to them. The cor'uers ol wall are formed, by blocks shown in Figs. 4 and 5, being reversed to each other', and the edge oi 'projected end of outer body and a por'- tion ol the outer lace ol inncr body joining the lace ot the projected end and the plain end ol' blocks in that portion ol wall running at right angles with the face oi' the orrter corner body, while the plain end oi outer' corner body and the lace ol projected end ot inner' corner body, joins with the lace ol the projected end and the plain end of block in that portion ot' wall running parallel with the lace ot the outer corner body.

The corner blocks ol one course also break joints with the corner blocks of the adjoining course. By this method ot' wall construction, the corner oi intermediate projection of outer body coincides with the corner of intermediate projection of inner body, thus forming by the special shape ofthe intermediate projection, a horizontal air space of large area, While the inclosure formed by the projected ends of inner and outer bodies7 provides an uninterrupted vertical air passage.

The grooves7 indentations7 or projections on the inner surface of wall, provide a good bonding surface for the plaster, making it unnecessary to use lathing or studding. All vertical and horizontal. joints are formed with mortar, thus furnishing' a bonding surface horizontally between the ends oi' each block thus formed, equal to the width ot' the wall and the height ot' the block, also between the edges of end projections and a portion of the inner laces of the bodies equal to the height ol' the block land the width ol' the end projection, while a horizontal bonding surface is furnished equal to the entire upper and lower surfaces ot the body of the blocks thus formed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Lett-ers Patent, is:-

l. A building block having a main longitudinal Wall of uniform thickness from end to end, and provided at the center and one end only with projections of transverse walls, the end projection being solid and the central projection being recessed, said centralprojection extending inward from the inner face of the longitudinal wall approximately half the distance which the end Wall projects l and being disposed at that side of the longitudinal center of the block nearest the end wall.

Z. A wall composed 0f building blocks, each course comprisinginner and outer blocks of like construction, the blocks of superposed courses breaking joint, each block having a solid projection' at one end and a recessed pro jeetion disposed at that side of the center ot' the length of the block nearest the solid projection, the ends of the solid projections of contiguous inner and outer blocks in the sanie course abutting and the solid projections of each inner block of one course resting on the recessed projection or' the outer block of the subjacent course and vice versa, thereby formingl double transverse portions throughout the entire Wall,

A wall composed of inner and outer blocks, each including a body portion having a solid projection at one end, and a recessed projection intermediate the ends, and located to one side ol the longitudinal center of the block, both projections being of the saine height as the body portion, and the recessed projection being of approximately one-l1alf the length of the end projection, the blocks being laid in courses with the end projection of each outer block resting on the recessed projection of an inner block of the subjacent course, the end projection of an inner block restingon the, recessed projection of an outer block ot' the subjacent course, and the end faces of the solid end projections or' contiguous inner and outer blocks of the same course abutting, the blocks being so disposed as to form continuous vertical and tortuous approximately horizontal air passages.

In testimony whereof I alIix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM W. BIRNSTOCK.

Witnesses J. M. Binxs'rocii, GEORGE S. DELLINGER. 

